OUDG404- What is a book? task 3 type setting

modernism typesetting rules 

mea­sure

The mea­sure is the length of a line of type. To a reader’s eye, long or short lines can be tir­ing and dis­tract­ing. A long mea­sure dis­rupts the rhythm because the reader has a hard time locat­ing the next line of type. read­abil­ity you want the mea­sure to be between 40 – 80 char­ac­ters, includ­ing spaces. For a single-column design 65 char­ac­ters is con­sid­ered ideal.

Font size maximum 12 px 

Widows & Orphans

A widow is a short line or sin­gle word at the end of a para­graph. An orphan is a word or short line at the begin­ning or end of a col­umn that is sep­a­rated from the rest of the para­graph. Wid­ows and Orphans cre­ate awk­ward rags, inter­rupt the reader’s eye and affect read­abil­ity. They can be avoided by adjust­ing the type size, lead­ing, mea­sure, wordspac­ing, let­terspac­ing or by enter­ing man­ual line breaks.

Rag

When set­ting a block of text unjus­ti­fied with a left or right align­ment, be sure to keep the rag bal­anced with­out any sud­den “holes” or awk­ward shapes. A bad rag can be unset­tling to the eye and dis­tract the reader. A good rag has a “soft” uneven­ness, with­out any lines that are too long or too short. There is no way of con­trol­ling this, so to achieve a good rag you must make man­ual adjust­ments to the block of text.

Postmodern is to not use any rule and to make it not legible and create type layout how ever you want it to look.